This special move is the only time you can move two pieces in the same turn.Castling only involves the king and the rook (no other chess pieces), and it is believed that it was invented around the 1500s in order to speed up the game.White has castled kingside while Black has castled queenside.
When white moved their king they forfeited the right to castle during the game. Even if white puts their king back on e1 they still are not allowed to castle. White would first have to block the check with a move such as pawn to c3 to make castling possible on the next turn. To castle, the white king would have to cross over this square which is not allowed. Black can only castle kingside since there is still a black knight on b8. Black made the discovered check 53.Kd6. Karpov, with very little time remaining, did not see that he was in check and played the illegal move 54.Qe6. The arbiter required Karpov to play a legal move with his queen instead (since he touched it), and he selected 54.Qe7 (54.Qd7 Rxd7 55.Kg6 would still have drawn ( Fox James 1993:198)). After 54.Rxe7, Karpov lost the game ( McDonald 2002:22425). If it is the players piece that was touched, it must be moved if they have a legal move. If the opponents piece was touched, it must be captured if it can be captured with a legal move. If the touched piece cannot be legally moved or captured, there is no penalty. This is a rule of chess that is enforced in all formal, over-the-board competitions. A player claiming a touch-move violation must do so before touching a piece. While jadoube is internationally understood, a local language equivalent such as adjusting is usually acceptable. A player may not touch the pieces on the board during the opponents turn. Castling must be done by touching the king first, and the rook afterwards. If that castling move is illegal, another legal king move must be played, if there is one. So long as the hand has not left the piece on a new square, the piece can be placed on any accessible square. Accidentally touching a piece, e.g. If a player touches one of their pieces and an opponents piece, they must make that capture if it is a legal move. Otherwise, they are required to move or capture the first of the pieces that they touched. If it cannot be determined whether the players piece or the opponents piece was touched first, it is assumed that the players piece was touched first. If a player touches more than one piece, the player must move or capture the first piece that can be legally moved or captured. If the rook is touched first instead, a rook move must be made. If the player touches their rook at the same time as touching the king, they must castle with that rook if it is legal to do so. If the player completes a two-square king move without touching a rook, the player must move the correct rook accordingly if castling on that side is legal. Otherwise, the move must be withdrawn and another king move made. If the player touches both pieces in attempting to castle illegally, the king must be moved if possible, but if there is no legal king move, then there is no requirement to move the rook. However, the move is not complete until the promoted piece is released on that square ( Just Burg 2003:2023). After touching the bishop, he realized that 30.Bd3 was a bad move, but since he was obligated to move the bishop, and other bishop moves were even worse, after several seconds he played 30.Bd3. The queens and rooks were exchanged (as above) and a draw by agreement was reached after the 34th move. Had Fischer won the game, he would have tied with Boris Spassky for first place in the 1966 Piatigorsky Cup tournament ( Kashdan 1968:4950). Having touched his h-pawn, the touch-move rule required Fischer to play either 12.h6 or 12.h5, an almost equally bad move that fatally weakens Blacks kingside. Fischer accordingly played 12.h5 and resigned just ten moves laterhis shortest loss ever in a serious game ( Mednis 1997:11011). Black made the discovered check 53.Kd6. Karpov, with very little time remaining, did not see that he was in check and played the illegal move 54.Qe6. The arbiter required Karpov to play a legal move with his queen instead (since he touched it), and he selected 54.Qe7 (54.Qd7 Rxd7 55.Kg6 would still have drawn ( Fox James 1993:198)). After 54.Rxe7, Karpov lost the game ( McDonald 2002:22425).
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